Stock Price Trends

Graham Holdings Co (GHC)

Graham Holdings Company is a diversified global media and education company. The company is headquartered in Arlington, Virginia.

Stock Price Trends

Stock price trends estimated using linear regression.

Key facts

  • The primary trend is increasing.
  • The growth rate of the primary trend is 41.54% per annum.
  • GHC price at the close of July 25, 2024 was $811.10 and was inside the primary price channel.
  • The secondary trend is increasing.
  • The growth rate of the secondary trend is 7.18% per annum.
  • GHC price at the close of July 25, 2024 was higher than the top border of the secondary price channel by $28.91 (3.70%).

Linear Regression Model

Model equation:
Yi = α + β × Xi + εi

Top border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi + 2 × s)

Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi – 2 × s)

where:

i - observation number
Yi - natural logarithm of GHC price
Xi - time index, 1 day interval
σ - standard deviation of εi
a - estimator of α
b - estimator of β
s - estimator of σ
Exp() - calculates the exponent of e


Primary Trend

Start date: May 24, 2023
End date: June 5, 2024

a = 4.9527

b = 0.0010

s = 0.0377

Annual growth rate:

Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0010) – 1
= 41.54%

Price channel spread:

Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0377) – 1
= 16.28%

May 24, 2023 calculations

Top border of price channel:

Exp(Y964)
= Exp(a + b × X964 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,398 + 2 × s)
= Exp(4.9527 + 0.0010 × 1,398 + 2 × 0.0377)
= Exp(6.3588)
= $577.57

Bottom border of price channel:

Exp(Y964)
= Exp(a + b × X964 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,398 – 2 × s)
= Exp(4.9527 + 0.0010 × 1,398 – 2 × 0.0377)
= Exp(6.2080)
= $496.72

June 5, 2024 calculations

Top border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,223)
= Exp(a + b × X1,223 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,776 + 2 × s)
= Exp(4.9527 + 0.0010 × 1,776 + 2 × 0.0377)
= Exp(6.7186)
= $827.69

Bottom border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,223)
= Exp(a + b × X1,223 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,776 – 2 × s)
= Exp(4.9527 + 0.0010 × 1,776 – 2 × 0.0377)
= Exp(6.5678)
= $711.83

Description

  • The primary trend is increasing.
  • The growth rate of the primary trend is 41.54% per annum.
  • GHC price at the close of July 25, 2024 was $811.10 and was inside the primary price channel.

Secondary Trend

Start date: December 20, 2023
End date: July 15, 2024

a = 6.2504

b = 0.0002

s = 0.0324

Annual growth rate:

Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0002) – 1
= 7.18%

Price channel spread:

Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0324) – 1
= 13.85%

December 20, 2023 calculations

Top border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,109)
= Exp(a + b × X1,109 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,608 + 2 × s)
= Exp(6.2504 + 0.0002 × 1,608 + 2 × 0.0324)
= Exp(6.6207)
= $750.46

Bottom border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,109)
= Exp(a + b × X1,109 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,608 – 2 × s)
= Exp(6.2504 + 0.0002 × 1,608 – 2 × 0.0324)
= Exp(6.4910)
= $659.15

July 15, 2024 calculations

Top border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,249)
= Exp(a + b × X1,249 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,816 + 2 × s)
= Exp(6.2504 + 0.0002 × 1,816 + 2 × 0.0324)
= Exp(6.6602)
= $780.70

Bottom border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,249)
= Exp(a + b × X1,249 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,816 – 2 × s)
= Exp(6.2504 + 0.0002 × 1,816 – 2 × 0.0324)
= Exp(6.5305)
= $685.72

Description

  • The secondary trend is increasing.
  • The growth rate of the secondary trend is 7.18% per annum.
  • GHC price at the close of July 25, 2024 was higher than the top border of the secondary price channel by $28.91 (3.70%).