Stock Price Trends

Humana Inc (HUM) 

Humana Inc. is a for-profit American health insurance company based in Louisville, Kentucky.

Stock Price Trends

Stock price trends estimated using linear regression.

Key facts

  • The primary trend is decreasing.
  • The decline rate of the primary trend is 23.23% per annum.
  • HUM price at the close of October 3, 2024 was $241.78 and was lower than the bottom border of the primary price channel by $35.82 (12.90%).
  • The secondary trend is decreasing.
  • The decline rate of the secondary trend is 66.97% per annum.
  • HUM price at the close of October 3, 2024 was lower than the bottom border of the secondary price channel by $43.87 (15.36%).

Linear Regression Model

Model equation:
Yi = α + β × Xi + εi

Top border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi + 2 × s)

Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi – 2 × s)

where:

i - observation number
Yi - natural logarithm of HUM price
Xi - time index, 1 day interval
σ - standard deviation of εi
a - estimator of α
b - estimator of β
s - estimator of σ
Exp() - calculates the exponent of e


Primary Trend

Start date: October 21, 2022
End date: October 1, 2024

a = 7.1319

b = -0.0007

s = 0.0916

Annual growth rate:

Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × -0.0007) – 1
= -23.23%

Price channel spread:

Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0916) – 1
= 44.26%

October 21, 2022 calculations

Top border of price channel:

Exp(Y768)
= Exp(a + b × X768 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,113 + 2 × s)
= Exp(7.1319 + -0.0007 × 1,113 + 2 × 0.0916)
= Exp(6.5090)
= $671.17

Bottom border of price channel:

Exp(Y768)
= Exp(a + b × X768 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,113 – 2 × s)
= Exp(7.1319 + -0.0007 × 1,113 – 2 × 0.0916)
= Exp(6.1426)
= $465.25

October 1, 2024 calculations

Top border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,255)
= Exp(a + b × X1,255 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,824 + 2 × s)
= Exp(7.1319 + -0.0007 × 1,824 + 2 × 0.0916)
= Exp(5.9941)
= $401.05

Bottom border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,255)
= Exp(a + b × X1,255 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,824 – 2 × s)
= Exp(7.1319 + -0.0007 × 1,824 – 2 × 0.0916)
= Exp(5.6276)
= $278.01

Description

  • The primary trend is decreasing.
  • The decline rate of the primary trend is 23.23% per annum.
  • HUM price at the close of October 3, 2024 was $241.78 and was lower than the bottom border of the primary price channel by $35.82 (12.90%).

Secondary Trend

Start date: July 12, 2024
End date: October 1, 2024

a = 11.2706

b = -0.0030

s = 0.0374

Annual growth rate:

Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × -0.0030) – 1
= -66.97%

Price channel spread:

Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0374) – 1
= 16.13%

July 12, 2024 calculations

Top border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,199)
= Exp(a + b × X1,199 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,743 + 2 × s)
= Exp(11.2706 + -0.0030 × 1,743 + 2 × 0.0374)
= Exp(6.0561)
= $426.72

Bottom border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,199)
= Exp(a + b × X1,199 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,743 – 2 × s)
= Exp(11.2706 + -0.0030 × 1,743 – 2 × 0.0374)
= Exp(5.9066)
= $367.47

October 1, 2024 calculations

Top border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,255)
= Exp(a + b × X1,255 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,824 + 2 × s)
= Exp(11.2706 + -0.0030 × 1,824 + 2 × 0.0374)
= Exp(5.8103)
= $333.73

Bottom border of price channel:

Exp(Y1,255)
= Exp(a + b × X1,255 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,824 – 2 × s)
= Exp(11.2706 + -0.0030 × 1,824 – 2 × 0.0374)
= Exp(5.6608)
= $287.39

Description

  • The secondary trend is decreasing.
  • The decline rate of the secondary trend is 66.97% per annum.
  • HUM price at the close of October 3, 2024 was lower than the bottom border of the secondary price channel by $43.87 (15.36%).